{
  "author": "Julia Kschonek; Lara Twele; Kathrin Deters; Moana Miller; Jennifer Reinmold; Ilka Emmerich; Isabel Hennig‑Pauka; Nicole Kemper; Lothar Kreienbrock; Michael Wendt; Sabine Kästner; Elisabeth grosse Beilage",
  "citations": [
    {
      "raw_text": "Kschonek et al. Porcine Health Management (2025) 11:12 Porcine Health Management https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-025-00421-0",
      "title": "Part I: understanding pain in pigs—basic knowledge about pain assessment, measures and therapy",
      "authors": "Julia Kschonek; Lara Twele; Kathrin Deters; Moana Miller; Jennifer Reinmold; Ilka Emmerich; Isabel Hennig‑Pauka; Nicole Kemper; Lothar Kreienbrock; Michael Wendt; Sabine Kästner; Elisabeth grosse Beilage",
      "publication_year": 2025,
      "doi": "10.1186/s40813-025-00421-0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-025-00421-0",
      "confidence": 1
    }
  ],
  "confidence": 1,
  "doc_type": "Review",
  "id": 33,
  "language": "en",
  "publication_date": "2025",
  "source_type": "file",
  "source_uri": "file:///home/pi/welfare_docs/Animals Assured/Research/Pig Castrate/s40813-025-00421-0.pdf",
  "summary": "This scoping review addresses the often-neglected issue of pain in pigs, caused by diseases, injuries, or farrowing. It synthesises basic and new approaches for identifying, evaluating, and treating pain, emphasising its critical role in welfare and the need for veterinary knowledge.",
  "title": "Part I: understanding pain in pigs—basic knowledge about pain assessment, measures and therapy"
}