{
  "author": "Julia Kschonek; Lara Twele; Kathrin Deters; Moana Miller; Jennifer Reinmold; Ilka Emmerich; Isabel Hennig‑Pauka; Nicole Kemper; Lothar Kreienbrock; Michael Wendt; Sabine Kästner; Elisabeth grosse Beilage",
  "citations": [
    {
      "raw_text": "[15] European Union (EU) Council Directive 2008/120/EC of 18 December 2008 laying down minimum standards for the protection of pigs. Off J Eur Union L 34:84–90",
      "title": "Council Directive 2008/120/EC of 18 December 2008 laying down minimum standards for the protection of pigs",
      "publication_year": 2008,
      "confidence": 0.9
    }
  ],
  "confidence": 1,
  "doc_type": "Review",
  "id": 100,
  "language": "English",
  "publication_date": "2025",
  "source_type": "file",
  "source_uri": "file:///home/pi/welfare_docs/Old docs/1_Specific Product Assurance/Trisolfen/Pig Castration/Studies/s40813-025-00421-0.pdf",
  "summary": "This scoping review addresses the often-neglected issue of pain in pigs, caused by diseases, injuries, or farrowing. It synthesises basic and new approaches for identifying, evaluating, and treating pain, emphasising its critical role in welfare and the need for veterinary knowledge. It aims to update practitioners' understanding.",
  "title": "Part I: understanding pain in pigs—basic knowledge about pain assessment, measures and therapy"
}