{
  "author": "Erin Elizabeth King-Podzaline, Gabriella-Louise Stephen, Alexandria Bokhart, Pedro Henrique Esteves Trindade, Victoria Rocha Merenda \u0026 Monique Danielle Pairis-Garcia",
  "citations": [
    {
      "raw_text": "Erin Elizabeth King-Podzaline, Gabriella-Louise Stephen, Alexandria Bokhart, Pedro Henrique Esteves Trindade, Victoria Rocha Merenda \u0026 Monique Danielle Pairis-Garcia (2026) Effects of a Multimodal Pain Control Protocol Using 2% Lidocaine Intradermal and Meloxicam Intramuscular on Mitigating Behavioral Castration Pain in Piglets Using a Needleless System, Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 29:2, 215-226, DOI: 10.1080/10888705.2024.2440894",
      "title": "Effects of a Multimodal Pain Control Protocol Using 2% Lidocaine Intradermal and Meloxicam Intramuscular on Mitigating Behavioral Castration Pain in Piglets Using a Needleless System",
      "authors": "King-Podzaline, E. E., Stephen, G.-L., Bokhart, A., Trindade, P. H. E., Merenda, V. R., \u0026 Pairis-Garcia, M. D.",
      "publication_year": 2024,
      "doi": "10.1080/10888705.2024.2440894",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/10888705.2024.2440894",
      "confidence": 1
    },
    {
      "raw_text": "Wagner et al., 2020",
      "authors": "Wagner et al.",
      "publication_year": 2020,
      "confidence": 0.8
    },
    {
      "raw_text": "Mellor \u0026 Beausoleil, 2015",
      "authors": "Mellor, D. J., \u0026 Beausoleil, N. J.",
      "publication_year": 2015,
      "confidence": 0.8
    },
    {
      "raw_text": "Adcock, 2021",
      "authors": "Adcock, S. J.",
      "publication_year": 2021,
      "confidence": 0.8
    },
    {
      "raw_text": "European Commission, 2017",
      "authors": "European Commission",
      "publication_year": 2017,
      "confidence": 0.8
    }
  ],
  "confidence": 1,
  "doc_type": "RESEARCH ARTICLE",
  "id": 15,
  "language": "English",
  "publication_date": "2024-12-18",
  "source_type": "file",
  "source_uri": "file:///home/pi/welfare_docs/Animals Assured/Research/Pig Castrate/Effects of a Multimodal Pain Control Protocol Using 2  Lidocaine Intradermal and Meloxicam Intramuscular on Mitigating Behavioral Castration Pain in P.pdf",
  "summary": "This study evaluated a multimodal pain control protocol for mitigating behavioural castration pain in piglets using a needleless system. Male piglets received combinations of needleless 2% lidocaine intradermal and 0.4 mg/kg meloxicam intramuscular, or saline controls, while females were sham castrated. Pain was assessed using the Unesp-Botucatu Composite Acute Pain Scale (UPAPS). The results indicated that the needleless lidocaine and intramuscular meloxicam protocol offered no analgesic benefit.",
  "title": "Effects of a Multimodal Pain Control Protocol Using 2% Lidocaine Intradermal and Meloxicam Intramuscular on Mitigating Behavioral Castration Pain in Piglets Using a Needleless System"
}