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Topical Application of Lidocaine and Bupivacaine to Disbudding Wounds in Dairy Calves: Safety, Toxicology and Wound Healing 33%
Meredith Sheil; Michael Chambers; Adam Polkinghorne; Brendan Sharpe · file · #64

animals Article Topical Application of Lidocaine and Bupivacaine to Disbudding Wounds in Dairy Calves: Safety, Toxicology and Wound Healing Meredith Sheil 1, * , Michael Chambers 2 , Adam Polkinghorne 3,4 and Brendan Sharpe 2 1 Animal Ethics Pty. Ltd., Yarra Glen 3775, Australia 2 Invetus Pty. Ltd., Armidale 2350, Australia; mchambers@invetus.com (M.C.); bsharpe@invetus.com (B.S.) 3 Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, NSW Health Pathology, Nepean Blue Mountains Pathology Service, Penrith 2751, Australia; adam.polkinghorne@health.nsw.gov.au 4 Nepean Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Kingswood 2747, Australia * Correspondence: mlksheil@me.com Simple Summary: Disbudding is a common, but painful procedure performed on calves to prevent horn growth. Tri-Solfen® is a combination local anaesthetic and antiseptic formulation which, applied topically to the disbudding wound, is reported to reduce calf pain. Applied in this manner, the local anaesthetics in Tri-Solfen® , lidocaine and bupivacaine, are reported to be poorly absorbed, resulting in low risk of neurological or cardiotoxic effects. The potential impacts on other blood, urine and tissue parameters and on wound healing when used in this manner, and/or accidental overdose situations are unknown, however. We performed experiments investigating (i) the safety of Tri- Solfen® (including overdose situations) and (ii) the impact of Tri-Solfen® on disbudding wound healing under field conditions. No adverse health effects were observed in Tri-Solfen® -treated Citation: Sheil, M.; Chambers, M.; animals, even those receiving 5× the recommended dose, with no clinically significant differences Polkinghorne, A.; Sharpe, B. Topical in measured parameters between placebo and

Effect of a topical anaesthetic formulation on the cortisol response to surgical castration of unweaned beef calves 3%
D. McCarthy; S. Lomax; P. A. Windsor; P. J. White · file · #54

the chute to reduce movement. This emulated how the Pymble, NSW, Australia) used in these studies and the calves would be handled during the trial for treatment and current study consists of lidocaine (40.6 g/l), bupivacaine blood collection. Cows and calves were released into the (4.2 g/l), adrenalin (24.8 mg/l) and cetrimide (5.0 g/l). This 4 ha paddock between habituation periods. product is currently only registered for use in lambs under- going mulesing. Experimental use of the product in cattle is Experimental design and treatments conducted under a research permit issued by the Australian The experiment was conducted over 2 days, with treatment pesticides and veterinary medicines authority. groups evenly represented across each day. Maximum daily Assessment of cortisol concentration has been widely used temperatures for these days were 26.4 and 31.0°C. On each as a measure of acute distress in animals. Cortisol con- day, cows and calves were moved from the paddock into centration as a measure of pain-induced distress is used the holding yard adjacent to the cattle race. Calves were extensively because the response magnitude and duration, separated from their mothers into a separate holding pen, as measured by peak height and integrated cortisol response, and the cows were released back into the paddock. Calves usually accord with the predicted noxiousness of certain were moved through the race, restrained in the head bale procedures (Mellor et al., 2000). Measurement of cortisol has and released after treatment and blood sampling for every been used in cattle to quantify the effects of different painful time point. Calves generally moved through the race well. procedures such as dehorning (Sylvester et al., 1998), If required, calves were gently touched on the

Effects of a topical anaesthetic formulation and systemic carprofen, given singly or in combination, on the cortisol and behavioural responses of Merino lambs to castration 2%
DR Pauli; C Lee; iG Colditz; AD Fisher · file · #59

PRODUCTION ANIMALS Effects of a topical anaesthetic formulation and systemic carprofen, given singly or in combination, on the cortisol and behavioural responses of Merino lambs to castration DR Pauli, C Lee, iG Colditz? and AD Fisher’* ( vee and tail docking of lambs are standard husbandry Objective To determine the effectiveness of a topical anaes- procedures in many sheep production systems. Castration thetic formulation (Tri-Solfen) with or without the administration permanently prevents the development of behavioural of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (carprofen) on the pain characteristics of male rams such as aggression towards other rams and distress response associated with ring or surgical castration of and unwanted matings, Tail docking significantly reduces the risk ram lambs, of flystrike.’ Counterbalancing the life-long outcomes of these Procedures Merino ram lambs (n = 78) were allocated to 10 husbandry practices is the associated short-term pain. Considerable treatment groups: 4 groups of knife-castrated lambs and 4 groups research has therefore examined the welfare consequences of vari- of ring-castrated lambs received carprofen (4 mg/kg SC) and ous castration and tail docking methods, and the effectiveness of Tri-Solfen; 2 control groups (sham) received carprofen at 0 or4 mg/kg analgesic strategies,” SC, Measurements included plasma cortisol and haptoglobi n Dinniss et al found that infiltrating local anaesthetic into the scrotal concentrations, haematology, and behaviour, including posture, neck was an effective method of reducing the cortisol response of Results Knife-castrated jambs had higher peak cortisol and lambs to ring castration.’ Similarly, injection of local anaesthetic into integrated cortisol responses for the first 6h

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