…Alternatives such as immunocastration or production of boars are practiced to some extent in a number of countries. However, these practices have not taken root in many countries for different reasons. For…
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…Alternatives such as immunocastration or production of boars are practiced to some extent in a number of countries. However, these practices have not taken root in many countries for different reasons. For…
…European countries address this issue (Lin-Schilstra and Furthermore, from 1 January 2018, the procedure was to Ingenbleek, 2021). 202 A. Zalewska et al. Bearing the above in mind, the aim of…
…European countries address this issue (Lin-Schilstra and Furthermore, from 1 January 2018, the procedure was to Ingenbleek, 2021). 202 A. Zalewska et al. Bearing the above in mind, the aim of…
…Pain relief during and/or after surgery is increasingly used in some Western European countries to avoid suffering of the animals, but the surgery and risk of infections remain. Alternatives without surgical…
…Pain relief during and/or after surgery is increasingly used in some Western European countries to avoid suffering of the animals, but the surgery and risk of infections remain. Alternatives without surgical…
…Bans on castration without pain relief are still pending in most pork-producing European countries [8]. Several European countries have recently committed to abandoning the practice of surgical castration without anesthesia. Surgical…
…Bans on castration without pain relief are still pending in most pork-producing European countries [8]. Several European countries have recently committed to abandoning the practice of surgical castration without anesthesia. Surgical…
…In a detailed survey of 26 European countries, undertaken as part of the PIGCAS project (Attitudes, Practices and State-of-the-Art regarding Piglet Castration in Europe) in 2009, in the European…
…In a detailed survey of 26 European countries, undertaken as part of the PIGCAS project in the European Union[5], it was estimated that 79.3% of the about 98 million male…