Iodine

atments and timepoints. *Castrated piglets were treated with Iodine (n=32), Oinkment (n=32), PhytoCare (n=31), Vetericyn (n=31), or Zinc Oxide (n=32). The control group consisted of non-castrated…

atments and timepoints. *Castrated piglets were treated with Iodine (n=32), Oinkment (n=32), PhytoCare (n=31), Vetericyn (n=31), or Zinc Oxide (n=32). The control group consisted of non-castrated…

…particles, followed The testis was by scrubbing with povidone-iodine solution (10%) for a few minutes. pushed cranially into the inguinal area, and a variable dose of 5–20 mL (according to…

…Local antiseptics reported include sodium permanganate and salicylic acid [27], potassium permanganate and boric acid ointments [9], 3% iodine solution, gentian violet [28] and hypochlorous acid [29]. Traditional herbal remedies including sesame…

…particles, followed The testis was by scrubbing with povidone-iodine solution (10%) for a few minutes. pushed cranially into the inguinal area, and a variable dose of 5–20 mL (according to…

…Spermatic cords were torn, testicles removed, and iodine was sprayed over the incision site to reduce infection risk. General or local anesthesia was not administered at the time of castration and is…

or animals in Study 1. Group Animals (n) Treatment Dose level Dosing Regime 2 mL sterile saline applied on Days 0, 1 and 2 1 8 Placebo - (2 mL per day total) 2 mL Tri-Solfen® applied daily on Days 0, 1 and 2 2 8 Tri-Solfen® 1× (2 mL per day total) 2 mL Tri-Solfen® applied three times at 1 h intervals on Days 0, 1 and 2 3 8 Tri-Solfen® 3× (6 mL per day total) 2 mL Tri-Solfen® applied five times at 1 h intervals on Days 0, 1 and 2 4 8 Tri-Solfen® 5× (10 mL per day total) 2.2.1. Animal Observations Including Wound Assessment Study animals were observed for the first 30 min following each treatment and thence hourly (±15 min) for a minimum of 6 h following the final treatment of each group on each day (0, 1 and 2). Twice daily observations, undertaken by a blinded veterinarian during the morning, continued prior to euthanasia on days 3 or 4. Observations included: general behaviour and demeanour, evaluation of any appetite change, ambulation, faecal consistency and colour, skin condition, ocular and nasal discharge, and any neurologic or cardiorespiratory signs that may be indicative of an adverse drug reaction. Bodyweights of animals were measured at day −4, and prior to euthanasia. Daily feed and water intake were also assessed on an individual animal basis once daily. During each veterinary examination, disbudding wounds were examined for the pres- ence of oedema, erythema, discharge, alopecia and flaking of skin on the area surrounding the cauterised wound. In addition, all application sites were photographed on the day of necropsy. 2.2.2. Blood Sampling and Analysis Blood specimens were collected from the jugular vein of carefully restrained calves at the following time points: day −4, day 0, and prior to euthanasia. Blood samples were collected by