Segovia

…to ensure optimal post-surgical recovering in the cas- cial swine herd farms, located in Segovia, Spain. Both trated group. farms were farrow-to-finish farms and were located in the same…

…to ensure optimal post-surgical recovering in the cas- cial swine herd farms, located in Segovia, Spain. Both trated group. farms were farrow-to-finish farms and were located in the same…

…to ensure optimal post-surgical recovering in the cas- cial swine herd farms, located in Segovia, Spain. Both trated group. farms were farrow-to-finish farms and were located in the same…

…to ensure optimal post-surgical recovering in the cas- cial swine herd farms, located in Segovia, Spain. Both trated group. farms were farrow-to-finish farms and were located in the same…

tor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

tor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

e FOS FOS staining staining intensity and frequency. (B) Area evaluated in the spinal cord. (C) Examples of different scores. intensity and frequency. (B) Area evaluated in the spinal cord. (C) Examples of different scores. The analysis 2.3. Statistical method was first established in a preliminary study (data not shown) to Analysis develop and define a scoring approach for formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded and stained 2.3.1. EEG tissue sections. The staining intensity (none, slight, moderate, or strong) and the percentage The power of positive spectral neuronal density nuclei in bothof dorsal the selected horns EEG of theepisodes was calculated spinal cords with the were calculated. A MATLAB semiquantitative score including these two parameters (Figure 1A) was applied. from pwelch function and a frequency resolution of 0.25 Hz for the pooled data Four the interdigital different segmentspinch stimulus (L1, and 1S1-3) L2, L3, and Hz for the data in each recorded animal were evaluated. to other in responseThe resultsstimuli. of this Because evaluationof the larger clearly sample showed thesize in thescores highest pooledingroup for thecastrated the animals withoutwe pinch stimulus, decided pain relief. to useitawas Thus, higher frequency decided resolution to proceed to methodological with this better describe approach. the response. Density spectral arrays were also constructed, and the results are presented as heatmaps to depict the temporal evolution of the spectral EEG features. The DSA was derived from 5-s EEG episodes overlapping by 4 s. The results are presented as changes in the EEG power relative to a prestimulus baseline defined as the episode 50–40 s before the stimulus. The poststimulus value was divided by the prestimulus value. Thus, a value <1 indicates

e FOS FOS staining staining intensity and frequency. (B) Area evaluated in the spinal cord. (C) Examples of different scores. intensity and frequency. (B) Area evaluated in the spinal cord. (C) Examples of different scores. The analysis 2.3. Statistical method was first established in a preliminary study (data not shown) to Analysis develop and define a scoring approach for formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded and stained 2.3.1. EEG tissue sections. The staining intensity (none, slight, moderate, or strong) and the percentage The power of positive spectral neuronal density nuclei in bothof dorsal the selected horns EEG of theepisodes was calculated spinal cords with the were calculated. A MATLAB semiquantitative score including these two parameters (Figure 1A) was applied. from pwelch function and a frequency resolution of 0.25 Hz for the pooled data Four the interdigital different segmentspinch stimulus (L1, and 1S1-3) L2, L3, and Hz for the data in each recorded animal were evaluated. to other in responseThe resultsstimuli. of this Because evaluationof the larger clearly sample showed thesize in thescores highest pooledingroup for thecastrated the animals withoutwe pinch stimulus, decided pain relief. to useitawas Thus, higher frequency decided resolution to proceed to methodological with this better describe approach. the response. Density spectral arrays were also constructed, and the results are presented as heatmaps to depict the temporal evolution of the spectral EEG features. The DSA was derived from 5-s EEG episodes overlapping by 4 s. The results are presented as changes in the EEG power relative to a prestimulus baseline defined as the episode 50–40 s before the stimulus. The poststimulus value was divided by the prestimulus value. Thus, a value <1 indicates

o revisit the topic. Livestock Science 230, 103837. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2019.103837. Genetic Resources (2021) S1 International Congress on Sheep and Goats 60 Abstract book

ts and observers were included as fixed M3), iii) and over time (M2 > M4). effects and the piglets nested in their litters as 2. Known-group validity. The Sham female pain-free random effect in all the models. Tukey test was used piglets should have lower scores than castrated male as a post hoc test ("lsmeans{lsmeans}" and "cld piglets suffering pain at M2. {multcomp}") [27]. 3. Internal relationships among items according to all criteria used in statistical analysis (multiple association, internal consistency and item-total correlation) 4. Relationships with the scores of other instruments, as described for criterion validity Optimum cut-off The data relative to the indication of rescue analgesia was Awake castrated piglets Cut-off point was based on the Youden index (YI = point RV used to determine the optimal cut-off point, that is, the [Sensitivity + Specificity]– 1), which determines the minimum score suggestive of the need for analgesic rescue highest sensitivity and specificity value concurrently or intervention from the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) M1 free of pain (preoperative), and M2 pain curve (“roc{pROC}” and “ci.sp{pROC}”), providing (postoperative) were used to determine optimal cut-off a graphic image of the relation between the “true point. positives” (sensitivity) and the “false positives” (specificity). The discriminatory capacity of the scale was determined by the area under the curve (AUC). AUC values above 0.90 represent high accuracy discriminatory capacity of the scale [42]. In addition, the 95% CI was calculated from the Youden index by replicating the original ROC curve 1,001 times according to the bootstrap method (“ci. coords{pROC}” and “ci.auc{pROC}”). *All analyses [37–42] included both adaptations