al University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine (NULES), Henerala Rodimtseva 19, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine; getya@ukr.net 8 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture (UNIZG), University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska…
University of Torino
Filters
al University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine (NULES), Henerala Rodimtseva 19, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine; getya@ukr.net 8 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture (UNIZG), University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska…
TYPE Review PUBLISHED 15 October 2025 DOI 10.3389/fvets.2025.1679966 Clinical interpretation of body OPEN ACCESS language and behavioral modifications to recognize pain EDITED BY Melissa Bain, University of California…
TYPE Review PUBLISHED 15 October 2025 DOI 10.3389/fvets.2025.1679966 Clinical interpretation of body OPEN ACCESS language and behavioral modifications to recognize pain EDITED BY Melissa Bain, University of California…
ew & editing; M.D.P.G. Investigation and Writing—review & editing; Scientific Reports | (2023) 13:21237 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48551-1 9 Vol.:(0123456789) www.nature.com/scientificreports/ P.H.E.T. Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Writing—original draft and Writing—review & editing. All authors reviewed the manuscript. Funding The funding was supported by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, 001, 002. Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests. Additional information Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/ 10.1038/s41598-023-48551-1. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to P.H.E.T. Reprints and permissions information is available at www.nature.com/reprints. Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the
ew & editing; M.D.P.G. Investigation and Writing—review & editing; Scientific Reports | (2023) 13:21237 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48551-1 9 Vol.:(0123456789) www.nature.com/scientificreports/ P.H.E.T. Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Writing—original draft and Writing—review & editing. All authors reviewed the manuscript. Funding The funding was supported by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, 001, 002. Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests. Additional information Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/ 10.1038/s41598-023-48551-1. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to P.H.E.T. Reprints and permissions information is available at www.nature.com/reprints. Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the
eting interests The authors declare no competing interests. Additional information Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi .org/1 0.10 38/s41598- 025-91551-6. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to P.H.E.T. Reprints and permissions information is available at www.nature.com/reprints. Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http:/ /creativec ommo ns.org /licenses/
…Padova University, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; giuliamaria.debenedictis@unipd.it (G.M.D.B.); flaviana.gottardo@unipd.it (F.G.) 3 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Largo…
…Padova University, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; giuliamaria.debenedictis@unipd.it (G.M.D.B.); flaviana.gottardo@unipd.it (F.G.) 3 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Largo…
…Effects of the EDITED BY T. Bas Rodenburg, Utrecht University, Netherlands REVIEWED BY Regula Bettschart, injection method and interval University of Zurich, Switzerland Nancy De Briyne, Federation of Veterinarians of between injection…