Vetericyn®

…Iodine, Oinkment®, PhytoCare®, Vetericyn®, Zinc Oxide, or intact controls (NoCast). Treatments were applied immediately after castration (D1). Body weights were recorded at baseline (D0) and at weaning. Blood samples were collected on…

…Iodine, Oinkment®, PhytoCare®, Vetericyn®, Zinc Oxide, or intact controls (NoCast). Treatments were applied immediately after castration (D1). Body weights were recorded at baseline (D0) and at weaning. Blood samples were collected on…

ia/MultiSolfen® ; M-S; Dechra, UK). Serum amyloid A (SAA), a marker of systemic This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and inflammation, was measured in both experimentally and naturally infected lambs allocated conditions of the Creative Commons to treated and untreated groups. Samples were collected prior to (T0) and at 2 (T2), 7 (T7) Attribution (CC BY) license. and 14 (T14) days post-treatment in experimentally infected lambs and at T0, 10 (T10) and Animals 2026, 16, 17 https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16010017 Animals 2026, 16, 17 2 of 12 20 (T20) days post-treatment in naturally affected lambs. In the experimental infection, SAA concentrations were lower in the treated group than in controls at T7 and significantly lower at T14. In the natural outbreak, SAA concentrations significantly decreased over time in the treated group, with a consistent trend toward lower values than in controls. These findings indicate that this therapeutic formulation reduces systemic inflammatory responses in lambs affected by CE, supporting its use as an alternative to antibiotics. Keywords: orf virus; contagious ecthyma; lambs; local antiseptic/anaesthetic formulation; serum amyloid A 1. Introduction Contagious ecthyma (CE, Orf) is a highly contagious, globally distributed skin disease primarily affecting small ruminants, especially young animals in their first year of life [1]. The disease is a non-systemic, eruptive skin infection caused by the Orf virus (ORFV), a member of the family Poxviridae and genus Parapoxvirus [2]. Clinically, CE is characterised by papules, vesicles, pustules and proliferative scabby lesions, mainly of the muzzle and lip mucosae, often extending to the oral mucosa, nostrils, ears and eyelids and, less frequently, the feet, genitals

nimals. No evidence of pathology was noted in any organ sample examined. The microscopic findings from histopathological analysis of skin samples from the wound site are presented in Table 3. Locally extensive or diffuse cutaneous necrosis with haemorrhage, oedema, crusting, mineralisation, inflammatory infiltrates and fibrosis were similar in all calves across Groups 1–4. There was a noticeable reduction in the quantity Animals 2021, 11, 869 10 of 17 of surface-localised bacteria, graded using a subjective scale between Groups 2, 3 and 4 (Tri-Solfen® treatment groups) and Group 1, the placebo group. Table 3. Incidence of pathological conditions and/or the presence of multi-focal surface bacterial colonies in skin samples collected from animals in Study 1. Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Finding a (n = 8) (n = 8) (n = 8) (n = 8) Locally extensive or diffuse epidermal coagulative necrosis with haemorrhage, oedema, neutrophilic infiltrates, - - - - serum crusting, occasional mineralisation 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 4 8 8 8 8 Surface bacterial colonies, multifocal - - - - 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 4 5 7 2 2 0 1 0 3 1 3 0 0 4 4 1 2 0 Dermal perivascular lymphoplasmacytic, neutrophilic and - - - - eosinophilic infiltrates, multifocal 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 5 6 7 4 3 3 2 1 4 4 0 0 0 0 Dermal fibrosis - - - - 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 4 2 2 5 6 1 3 4 2 2 3 4 0 0 0 0 a Grading scale; 0 = normal, 1 = minimal, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = marked. 3.2. Study 2: Safety and Efficacy of Tri-Solfen Administration to Calf Disbudding Wounds under Field Conditions 3.2.1. Environmental Conditions A range of extreme environmental conditions occurred during the study period, including an extended heat wave with daytime temperatures consistently >40 ◦ C. Catas- trophic bushfire conditions were

sks of AMR.12 mulation TS developed for reduced pain and enhanced These studies also speculated that TS might have wound healing in surgical husbandry procedures in live­ a viricidal effect against FMD virus if applied prior to or stock, has been suggested as potentially appropriate for the at the time of lesion rupture, potentially limiting virus management of other disorders in a variety of species.10, transmission during FMD outbreaks.12 As TS has a pH Most recently, TS was found to be efficacious for the of 2.7–2.9, if applied early in the course of the disease, it treatment of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in cattle and was suggested that antiviral activity might potentially limit 154 https://doi.org/10.2147/VMRR.S306355 Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports 2021:12 DovePress Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) Dovepress Lacasta et al Table 4 Means and Standard Deviation (SD) of the Haematological Parameters. Group A (n=11) Consisting of Animals with Orf Lesions Treated with TS and Group B (n=3), an Orf-Infected Control Group Remaining Untreated Variable Group Day 1 Day 11 N Mean ± SD N Mean ± SD Threshold Values a b Erythrocyte count (RBC, M/µL) A 9 9.71±1.277 11 11.10±1.755 9.49–15.12 M/μL Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports downloaded from https://www.dovepress.com/ by 123.255.209.218 on 09-Jun-2021 B 3 9.36±9.756a 3 11.13±1.277b Haematocrit (HCT, %) A 9 31.38 ±6.824 11 30.65±6.913 27.0–42.0% B 3 29.67±8.801 3 31.00±6.243 Haemoglobin (Hb, g/dL) A 9 10.28±1.814 11 10.66±1.633 10.0–14.9 g/dL B 3 9.93±1.553 3 10.57±1.106 Mean corpuscular volume (MCV, fL) A 9 32.42±5.904a 11 27.74±5.413b 24.4–32.5 fL B 3 31.50±8.150a 3 28.03±6.550b Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH, pg) A 9 10.62±1.391a 11 9.664±1.097b 8.5–11.8 pg B 3

Received: 14 March 2024 Revised: 19 May 2024 Accepted: 29 May 2024 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.4395 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Antinociceptive and wound healing effects of a commercial formulation of lidocaine, bupivacaine, adrenaline and cetrimide applied topically to superficial skin wounds in horses Shaun Pratt1 Albert Sole-Guitart1 Karla de Klerk1 Elizabeth Evans2,3 Jane Hume2,4 Chiara Palmieri1 Joanne Rainger1 Wendy Goodwin1 1 School of Veterinary Science, University of Abstract Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia Background: Post-traumatic distal limb wounds cause discomfort and heal 2 Invetus, Casino, New South Wales, Australia gradually by second intention. The topical application of Tri-Solfen (lido- 3 Bioproperties, Glenorie, New South Wales, caine hydrochloride, bupivacaine hydrochloride, adrenaline acid tartrate and Australia cetrimide [LBAC]) produces effective postsurgical cutaneous analgesia in 4 Vetoquinol, Hamilton, Queensland, lambs, calves and piglets; however, its effect on wounds in horses is unknown. Australia Methods: The antinociceptive effect, measured by mechanical threshold (MT), and the wound healing impacts of LBAC compared with saline were Correspondence Shaun Pratt, School of Veterinary Science, investigated on surgically created 20 × 20 mm distal limb wounds in 10 horses. University of Queensland, Gatton, Treatment was applied once daily for 7 days following wounding on day 0. Queensland, Australia. Mechanical thresholds were measured after treatment on days 1, 2 and 3. Email: shaun.pratt@uq.edu.au Healing was observed for 25 days. Funding information Results: The topical application of LBAC immediately following wounding Invetus, Grant/Award Number: 2018002127 and its reapplication 24 hours later increased the average MT on the first post-traumatic

rrier effect, numbing the pain of lesions, rapidly reducing their infectivity, and hastening healing, potentially reducing the weight loss in affected individuals (Windsor et al., 2020). If made available for purchase and administration by farmers, this product could provide a viable alternative approach for managing FMD in Cameroon, other African countries and developing countries globally. This formulation offers numerous advantages over current therapies as it provides efficacious pain relief and more rapid healing of wounds and lesions (Windsor et al., 2016; Roberts and Windsor, 2019; Windsor et al., 2020). Further, with a pH of ˜2.7, and containing the antiseptic cetrimide, it potentially has viricidal impacts and anti-bacterial properties respectively, avoiding the need for other treatments, including antibiotics (Windsor et al, 2020). In November 2019, TS was provided to the Cameroon research team for trials during FMD outbreaks in cattle. This report describes a field trial in Cameroon aimed at evaluating the efficacy of this therapy for FMD lesion management, particularly for enhancing recovery and wound healing, comparing the clinical responses to the most commonly used and available antimicrobial therapy currently in use. If TS is proven to be as efficacious for FMD in this current study as it appeared to be on first use in Laos as described (Windsor et al., 2020), it is likely that the product could offer an important innovation for improving FMD lesion treatment, potentially globally, with reduced animal welfare burdens, risks of AMR issues and possibly, increased transboundary disease reporting and surveillance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Trial location and design This clinical trial was conducted between the 5th of November and the 5th of December 2019 in